{"id":16486,"date":"2018-01-23T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2018-01-23T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/novakdjokovicfoundation.org\/pitanje-koje-roditelj-treba-da-postavi-detetu-tokom-obroka\/"},"modified":"2023-02-14T16:19:09","modified_gmt":"2023-02-14T16:19:09","slug":"pitanje-koje-roditelj-treba-da-postavi-detetu-tokom-obroka","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/novakdjokovicfoundation.org\/sr\/pitanje-koje-roditelj-treba-da-postavi-detetu-tokom-obroka\/","title":{"rendered":"Pitanje koje roditelj treba da postavi detetu tokom obroka"},"content":{"rendered":"

Univerzalno kulturolo\u0161ko sredstvo koje magijom oblika i \u0161arenilom boja povezuje sve ljude na svetu jeste hrana.<\/i><\/strong><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Koliko smo se samo puta u \u017eivotu u trenucima gladi ili sitosti setili \u010duvenih narodnih izreka \u201eZdravlje na usta ulazi\u201c<\/em>, \u201eGladan sitom ne veruje\u201d\u009d<\/em> ili \u201eJedi zdravo da bi imao dug \u017eivot\u201d\u009d<\/em> ili koliko smo ih samo puta ponovili pred decom kako bismo ih podstakli da pojedu odre\u0111eni obrok. Tragove njihove istinitosti ostavi\u0107emo svakom ponaosob da oseti i proveri, a mi \u0107emo u ovom tekstu njihovu opravdanost na\u0107i u istra\u017eivanjima koja je sprovela M. T. Jakobsen (Maryann Tomovich Jacobsen<\/a>), stru\u010dnjak za porodi\u010dnu ishranu i nezavisni autor nekoliko knjiga o ishrani kod dece.<\/p>\n

Ona\u00a0nas u svojim istra\u017eivanjima koja je sprovela vodi ka jednom od klju\u010dnih pitanja koje svaki roditelj treba da postavi detetu tokom obroka. Na samom po\u010detku svog rada kao nutricionista i stru\u010dnjak za porodi\u010dnu ishranu, Jakobsen isti\u010de da je videla mnogo ljudi koji su zbunjeni pitanjima o hrani. Neki su ve\u0107 bili na odre\u0111enim dijetama, neki su najvi\u0161e jeli pod stresom i nisu mogli da shvate koliko im je hrane zaista potrebno. Najkra\u0107e re\u010deno, oni su imali jednu nezdravu vezu sa hranom. Sve se tokom \u017eivota u\u010di i nau\u010di. Tako se u\u010di i sti\u010du znanja o zdravijem odnosu prema hrani. Jedna grana tog u\u010denja podrazumeva i mogu\u0107nost pode\u0161avanja ose\u0107aja gladi i sitosti. Kako i sama Jakobsen isti\u010de, kada je shvatila koliko je njenom telu potrebno hrane, taj ose\u0107aj mogla je da izjedna\u010di sa ose\u0107ajem dobitka na lutriji. Moramo slu\u0161ati melodije svoga organizma.<\/p>\n

Kada je re\u010d o ishrani dece, ve\u0107ina se vodi mi\u0161ljenjem da kada dete pojede ne\u0161to zdravo, re\u0161eni su svi problemi zdrave ishrane. Svi se jako dobro se\u0107amo \u010duvene re\u010denice iz detinjstva \u2013 da bismo bili sna\u017eni kao mornar Popaj, moramo jesti spana\u0107. Razmi\u0161ljanja idu i otuda da kada bismo mogli od samog po\u010detka da usmerimo decu da jedu zdravu hranu, problem bi odmah bio re\u0161en. Da li je tako zaista? <\/span><\/p>\n

Negujmo zdrav odnos dece prema hrani<\/b><\/h3>\n

Iako je jako va\u017eno u\u010denje da deca zavole da jedu zdravu hranu, podjednako va\u017eno je i kako deca tu hranu jedu. Istra\u017eivanja koja je Jakobsen sprovela pokazala su da deca s promenom uzrasta menjaju i na\u010din ishrane. \u0160to bi zna\u010dilo da \u0161to su deca starija, postepeno gube sposobnost da reguli\u0161u unos hrane, a to zna\u010di da jedu premalo ili previ\u0161e za svoj tip tela i potrebe njegovog stabilnog rasta i razvoja. Drugim re\u010dima, istra\u017eivanja su pokazala da su bebe i deca najmla\u0111eg uzrasta bolje regulisali unos hrane nego deca \u0161kolskog uzrasta, dok su deca \u0161kolskog uzrasta u tom pogledu bolja od tinejd\u017eera, da bi se na kraju pokazalo da su odrasli najgori od svih.<\/span><\/p>\n

Otuda Jakobsen navodi da kada deca \u010duju melodiju gladi ili sitosti koja dopire iz njihovih stomaka, pravo je vreme da se im se postavi pitanje: \u0160ta stomak ka\u017ee? Ovo je posebno va\u017eno tokom obroka ili kada \u017eele jo\u0161 hrane ili \u017eele da napuste sto pre zavr\u0161etka obroka. Time, ukoliko \u017eelimo da stvorimo i negujemo zdrav odnos dece prema hrani, moramo da odbacimo stav da svako dete treba uklopiti u savr\u0161en kalup ishrane i koli\u010dinu hrane koju treba da pojede. Me\u0111utim, mo\u017eemo stvoriti zdrave navike i okolnosti koje \u0107e deci pomo\u0107i da reguli\u0161u unos hrane i pritom dobro jesti.<\/span><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Kako pitanje \u201e\u0161ta stomak ka\u017ee\u201c re\u0161ava probleme?<\/b><\/h3>\n

Kroz svoja istra\u017eivanja Jakobsen je uvidela da tokom obroka postoje tri prepreke koje se mogu na\u0107i na putu: misao da je dete malo ili veliko u odnosu na vr\u0161njake, priroda deteta i sredina u kojoj je dete dok jede. Poku\u0161a\u0107emo da ukratko dotaknemo svaku od njih.<\/span><\/p>\n

Jakobsen isti\u010de da ako roditelj posmatra svoje dete kao suvi\u0161e \u201emalo\u201c ili \u201eveliko\u201c, te\u0161ko mu je da prihvati detetov apetit, kada i sam nije zadovoljan \u201eveli\u010dinom\u201c deteta. Istra\u017eivanja su pokazala da u toj borbi roditelja i dece tokom obroka, pritisak da malo dete jede vi\u0161e ili da veliko dete jede manje imaju suprotan efekat. Odgovor le\u017ei u tome da dete treba da nau\u010di da postane svesno kako se ose\u0107a i koliko je hrane njegovom organizmu u odre\u0111enom uzrastu potrebno. Nikako ne treba dete pritiskati da pojede ne\u0161to \u0161to ne odgovara njegovom apetitu i njegovim potrebama. Svako dete je individua za sebe. Ali isto tako u odre\u0111enom uzrastu deca upore\u0111uju svoj rast i veli\u010dinu sa svojim vr\u0161njacima ili pak nekim medijskim li\u010dnostima i mogu stvoriti iskrivljenu sliku pravih navika i vrednosti, te do\u0107i u isku\u0161enje da presko\u010de odre\u0111eni obrok, da jedu manje zbog svog izgleda ili pak da probaju ne\u0161to sasvim novo od hrane. Otuda je i najva\u017enije da roditelji kod dece razviju sna\u017eno mentalno i emocionalno zdravlje koje je u naju\u017eoj vezi sa zdravim odnosom prema hrani.\u00a0<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Jasno je da svi roditelji treba da imaju na umu \u010dinjenicu da dete raste u potezima. Kako deca prolaze odre\u0111ene faze u rastu, tako se i njihova potreba za hranom menja. Kada je dete u fazi u kojoj se ubrzano ne raste, svakako da \u0107e imati smanjen apetit. Dakle, va\u017eno je ista\u0107i da o\u010dekivanja roditelja da deca uvek isto jedu svakako nisu realna niti u skladu sa razvojem deteta. Time je va\u017eno pomo\u0107i detetu da napravi razliku izme\u0111u stvarne gladi i neke druge potrebe kada bi uzimalo hranu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Poslednja ali ne najmanje va\u017ena jeste i sredina u kojoj dete boravi, koja mo\u017ee imati znatan uticaj na njegovu ishranu. Ako deca budu naviknuta da jedu hranu koja je uvek oko njih i stalno im je nadohvat ruke, to ne\u0107e biti dobro. Ali kada umesto toga roditelji oblikuju obroke i podsti\u010du dete da obrati pa\u017enju na ono \u0161to jede, stvaraju\u0107i pritom zdravu energiju u porodi\u010dnom domu, dete \u0107e usled uticaja okru\u017eenja lak\u0161e upoznavati hranu i jesti onu koju i roditelji jedu.<\/span><\/p>\n

Sredstva koja mogu pomo\u0107i razvijanju zdrave veze sa hranom<\/b><\/h3>\n

Jakobsen je napisala\u00a0nekoliko knjiga i razvila odre\u0111ena sredstva<\/a> kojima je htela da pru\u017ei pomo\u0107 roditeljima pri unutra\u0161njem pristupu ishrani. Pored toga, vi\u0161e se dr\u017eala stava da je uvek bolje direktno razgovati sa detetom. Zato je napisala pri\u010du o devoj\u010dici Emili, koju je mama uvek pitala: \u0160ta stomak ka\u017ee? U toj pri\u010di Emili otkriva da ne slu\u0161aju svi njen stomak, dok se njena majka trudi da pomogne svakom od nas da nau\u010di i na\u0111e na\u010din kako bi oslu\u0161nuo svoj stomak.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u010citanje knjiga sa takvom tematikom svakako je zna\u010dajno za decu jer otvara mogu\u0107nost za razgovor u kome bi ona vi\u0161e nau\u010dila o oslu\u0161kivanju svog stomaka i melodiji gladi ili melodiji sitosti. Time bi lak\u0161e do\u0161la do odgovora na pitanje za\u0161to je va\u017eno slu\u0161ati svoj stomak i koji problemi mogu nastati kada ga ne slu\u0161amo.<\/span><\/p>\n

Ali ono najva\u017enije jeste to \u0161to knjige u kojima se na zanimljiv i produktivan na\u010din govori o ishrani poma\u017eu deci da izrastu u osobe koje ispoljavaju zdravu naviku prema hrani. Otuda, kada do\u0111u pored ne\u010dega \u0161to je za jelo, postavi\u0107e pitanje koje su \u010duli u svome detinjstvu: \u0160ta moj stomak ka\u017ee?<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n

Lepo je da roditelji svoju inspiraciju za po\u010detak nekog obroka pronalaze u narodnim izrekama i njima podsti\u010du decu da budu zdrava i jaka poput drena, da ih motivi\u0161u snagom mornara Popaja i zdravljem koje na usta ulazi, ali je jo\u0161 lep\u0161e i va\u017enije da u porodi\u010dnom domu ukorene zdrave navike u ishrani i prenesu ih na svoju decu. U\u010dite decu da osete svoj organizam, da znaju \u0161ta im stomak ka\u017ee. A stomak \u0107e uvek imati dobru poruku kada deca ne preska\u010du obroke, nemaju preveliku pauzu izme\u0111u obroka koju bi upotpunili slatki\u0161ima i grickalicama ili nadokadili kasnijim prejedanjem. Uverite se da oni jedu zdravu hranu u dovoljnim koli\u010dinama. Zdrava ishrana ne zna\u010di nu\u017eno i dosadna ishrana. Ispunite de\u010dje obroke \u0161arenilom boja i oblika.<\/span><\/p>\n

Kako Vi negujete\u00a0odnos Va\u0161eg deteta prema hrani? Kako ga motivi\u0161ete da jede zdravo? Podelite sa nama Va\u0161e iskustvo.<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Univerzalno kulturolo\u0161ko sredstvo koje magijom oblika i \u0161arenilom boja povezuje sve ljude na svetu jeste hrana.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":12492,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,21],"tags":[254,1556,1553,1554,1397,1557],"class_list":["post-16486","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-posts","category-rani-razvoj","tag-deca","tag-hrana-zdrava-hrana","tag-predskolsko-obrazovanje","tag-rani-razvoj-deteta","tag-ucenje","tag-zdrav-obrok"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPitanje koje roditelj treba da postavi detetu tokom obroka - Novak Djokovic Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" 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