{"id":16144,"date":"2016-10-18T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-10-18T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/novakdjokovicfoundation.org\/polazak-u-vrtic-skolu-znacajne-tranzicije\/"},"modified":"2023-03-20T16:57:10","modified_gmt":"2023-03-20T16:57:10","slug":"polazak-u-vrtic-skolu-znacajne-tranzicije","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/novakdjokovicfoundation.org\/sr\/polazak-u-vrtic-skolu-znacajne-tranzicije\/","title":{"rendered":"Polazak u vrti\u0107 i \u0161kolu \u2013 zna\u010dajne tranzicije u \u017eivotu deteta"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rano detinjstvo, od ro\u0111enja do osme godine, \u010desto se smatra jednim od najlep\u0161ih ali i najdinami\u010dnijih perioda tokom \u017eivota. Polaskom u vrti\u0107, osim igre deca u\u010destvuju u raznim edukativnim aktivnostima \u2013 u\u010de pesmice i recitacije, slova i brojeve, razvijaju svoju kreativnost i ma\u0161tu i otkrivaju nove talente i sposobnosti.<\/strong> <\/span><\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Dobar temelj koji je tada postavljen za njihov budu\u0107i akademski uspeh nastavlja se u \u0161kolskoj klupi, kada po\u010dinju da usvajaju va\u017ene ve\u0161tine kao \u0161to su \u010ditanje, pisanje i osnovne matemati\u010dke operacije. U tom prelaznom periodu roditelji treba da podr\u017ee i pomognu svojim mali\u0161anima da se lak\u0161e i br\u017ee prilagode na nove stvari, rutinu, iskustva i sredinu. <\/span><\/p>\n

Tokom ranog detinjstva mali\u0161ane o\u010dekuje nekoliko zna\u010dajnih tranzicija:<\/strong><\/h3>\n
    \n
  • prelazak iz porodi\u010dnog okru\u017eenja u vrti\u0107<\/span><\/li>\n
  • prelazak iz jaslene u srednju a potom pred\u0161kolsku grupu<\/span><\/li>\n
  • prelazak iz pred\u0161kolske ustanove u osnovnu \u0161kolu<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n
    \"Copyright:

    Copyright: spass<\/p><\/div>\n

    Tranzicija iz porodice u pred\u0161kolsku ustanovu<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Prvi iskorak deteta u \u017eivotu je izlazak iz u\u017ee porodice i upis u vrti\u0107. Polazak u pred\u0161kolsku ustanovu ozna\u010dava i prvo razdvajanje mali\u0161ana od roditelja na du\u017ee vreme, kao i susret sa velikim brojem nepoznatih osoba uklju\u010duju\u0107i nove drugare i vaspita\u010de. Dolaskom deteta u vrti\u0107ku grupu menja se njegov dotada\u0161nji na\u010din \u017eivota<\/strong>. Bez obzira na to koliko je izra\u017eena njegova potreba za dru\u0161tvom vr\u0161njaka, dete u su\u0161tini ne ose\u0107a podjednako i potrebu da sigurnost porodi\u010dnog okru\u017eenja menja za ne\u0161to novo i nepoznato. <\/span><\/p>\n

    Zato ve\u0107ina mali\u0161ana reaguje pla\u010dem ili na neki drugi na\u010din protestuje i izra\u017eava svoju tugu<\/strong> i strah zbog razdvajanja. Njima je te\u0161ko da shvate da je vrti\u0107 dobro i bezbedno mesto, kao i da \u0107e se roditelji posle izvesnog vremena vratiti po njih i odvesti ih ku\u0107i. Ovaj tranzicioni period predstavlja veoma stresno iskustvo kako za dete, tako i za roditelje. Mame i tate najvi\u0161e brine da li \u0107e njihov mali\u0161an mo\u0107i da ispuni zahteve nove sredine<\/strong> \u2013 nau\u010di gde se \u0161ta nalazi u prostoriji u kojoj boravi sa svojom grupom, uradi ono \u0161to vaspita\u010d od njega o\u010dekuje i kada je potrebno, zatra\u017ei pomo\u0107.<\/span><\/p>\n

    U cilju lak\u0161e i br\u017ee adaptacije<\/strong> i uspe\u0161ne tranzicije mali\u0161ana iz porodice u pred\u0161kolsku ustanovu roditeljima se savetuje da kod ku\u0107e pozitivno govore o vrti\u0107u i sadr\u017eajima koje on pru\u017ea, kao i da razgovaraju sa detetom o drugim mali\u0161anima, igra\u010dkama i vaspita\u010dima.<\/span><\/h3>\n

    Osim toga, po\u017eeljno je da se pre tog va\u017enog prvog dana zajedno sa detetom pro\u0161etaju do vrti\u0107a dok su u dvori\u0161tu njegovi budu\u0107i drugari. Va\u017eno je raspitati se i o rasporedu aktivnosti u vrti\u0107u (popodnevni odmor, boravak na otvorenom, vreme obroka) i postepeno sa njima uskladiti svakodnevnu porodi\u010dnu rutinu<\/strong>. <\/span><\/p>\n

    Tako\u0111e je va\u017eno da roditelji uklju\u010de mali\u0161ana u pripreme vezane za polazak u pred\u0161kolsku ustanovu, npr. da zajedno u ranac spakuju stvari koje \u0107e mu tamo biti potrebne, kao i da podstaknu njegov ose\u0107aj sigurnosti tako \u0161to \u0107e mu dozvoliti da u vrti\u0107 ponese svoju omiljenu igra\u010dku. Kona\u010dno, saradnja i dobra komunikacija izme\u0111u vaspita\u010da i roditelja u cilju upoznavanja edukatora sa specifi\u010dnim potrebama i navikama mali\u0161ana i razmene ideja i predloga kako bi najmla\u0111i proveli \u0161to kvalitetnije vreme u vrti\u0107u i iskoristili sve benefite programa ranog obrazovanja klju\u010dna je kako bi se izbegli potencijalni problemi vezani za prilago\u0111avanje dece na novi ambijent.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \"Copyright:

    Copyright: Oksana Kuzmina<\/p><\/div>\n

    Tranzicija iz pred\u0161kolske ustanove u osnovnu \u0161kolu<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Tranzicija iz pred\u0161kolske ustanove (ili porodi\u010dnog okru\u017eenja ukoliko dete nije i\u0161lo u vrti\u0107) u \u0161kolu obuhvata period od nekoliko meseci pre i posle 1. septembra<\/strong> i okarakterisana je kao prelazak sa interakcija koje uklju\u010duju manji broj osoba na one \u0161ire, bliskih na pomalo distancirane odnose me\u0111u ljudima, i promenu okru\u017eenja sa mali\u0161anima sli\u010dnog uzrasta na obrazovnu ustanovu sa u\u010denicima od prvog do osmog razreda.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Za razliku od vrti\u0107a i drugih centara ranog obrazovanja, gde je akcenat na \u201eu\u010denju baziranom na igri<\/strong>\u201c, polaskom u \u0161kolu deca se susre\u0107u sa nastavnim planom i programom koji je vi\u0161e struktuiran. Sada se od njih tra\u017ei da du\u017ei vremenski period sede mirno u klupama, budu fokusirana, pa\u017eljivo prate nastavu i pridr\u017eavaju se instrukcija koje dobijaju od nastavnika. <\/span><\/p>\n

    Osim toga, od njih se o\u010dekuje da poka\u017eu ve\u0107i stepen samostalnosti i odgovornosti, kao i da se pona\u0161aju na dru\u0161tveno prihvatljiv na\u010din. Deca nastavnike do\u017eivljavaju kao ve\u0107e i stro\u017ee autoritete nego vaspita\u010de, koji su o njima brinuli sa puno pa\u017enje i ljubavi<\/strong>, i prakti\u010dno bili deo njihove porodice. Iz tog razloga prelazak u mnogo ozbiljniju i hladniju sredinu izaziva ve\u0107e pote\u0161ko\u0107e kod dece da se na nju priviknu, koje se ogledaju u njihovim negativnim stavovima prema \u0161koli i odbijanju da odlaze na \u010dasove jer se ne ose\u0107aju dobro, uz izra\u017een strah, nervozu i napade panike.<\/span><\/p>\n

    Sli\u010dno kao i kod prethodne tranzicije, po\u017eeljno je da roditelji odvedu dete da vidi \u0161kolu i da nastoje da mu prenesu pozitivan stav o njoj kao mestu na kome \u0107e puno nau\u010diti, postati pametnije, ste\u0107i nove drugare i raditi zanimljive stvari. Kako bi mali\u0161an po\u010detak nastave do\u010dekao spremnije, potrebno je da mu pomognete da razvije radne navike u izvr\u0161avanju \u0161kolskih obaveza i odredite prostor za u\u010denje i re\u0161avanje doma\u0107ih zadataka, uz minimalnu dozu sadr\u017eaja koji \u0107e mu odvla\u010diti pa\u017enju. <\/span><\/p>\n

    Tako\u0111e, potrudite se da na vreme i u dobroj atmosferi nabavite neophodan pribor i ode\u0107u za \u0161kolu. <\/span><\/h3>\n

    Omogu\u0107ite detetu da u\u010destvuje u odabiru i kupovini i zajedno sa vama ispi\u0161e svoje ime na knjige i sveske. Osim toga, klju\u010dni aspekt uspe\u0161ne tranzicije deteta<\/strong> u \u0161kolu<\/strong> je aktivna uklju\u010denost porodice (rad sa detetom kod ku\u0107e, pru\u017eanje podr\u0161ke i ja\u010danje njegovog samopouzdanja), vrti\u0107a (kroz pripremni pred\u0161kolski program) i \u0161kole (kroz adekvatne aktivnosti namenjene \u0111acima prvacima). Nastavnici mogu da olak\u0161aju ovaj proces razvijanjem pozitivnog odnosa i saradnje sa roditeljima pre nego \u0161to se prvo \u0161kolsko zvono oglasi, kao i tokom i nakon tranzicionog perioda.<\/span><\/p>\n

    \"Copyright:

    Copyright: spass<\/p><\/div>\n

    Kako reagovati na aktuelne promene<\/b><\/h3>\n

    Sre\u0107na okolnost je ta \u0161to se promene stalno de\u0161avaju. To zna\u010di da iako \u0107e u po\u010detku biti suza i negodovanja pre ulaska u vrti\u0107, roditelji mogu da o\u010dekuju da \u0107e njihovi mali\u0161ani ve\u0107 slede\u0107eg trenutka radosno otr\u010dati u susret drugarima ili u\u017eivati u pravljenju kola\u017ea od papira i crtanju. Va\u017eno je imati na umu da tranzicija ne predstavlja samo izazov za mali\u0161ane ve\u0107 i za roditelje, koji tako\u0111e moraju da se adaptiraju na promene. Biti smiren i otkriti da li je detetu potrebna pomo\u0107 da se izbori sa novonastalom situacijom, ili neposredno ga ohrabriti, ne samo da \u0107e stvoriti ja\u010du vezu izme\u0111u roditelja i dece ve\u0107 i formulu za uspe\u0161no prevazila\u017eenje narednih perioda tranzicije.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Rano detinjstvo, od ro\u0111enja do osme godine, \u010desto se smatra jednim od najlep\u0161ih ali i najdinami\u010dnijih perioda tokom \u017eivota. Polaskom u vrti\u0107, osim igre deca u\u010destvuju u raznim edukativnim aktivnostima […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":16145,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[20,1122],"tags":[254,475,1508,1223,1507],"class_list":["post-16144","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-blog-posts","category-rano-ucenje","tag-deca","tag-edukacija","tag-prelazni-perod","tag-rani-razvoj","tag-vrtic"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nPolazak u vrti\u0107 i \u0161kolu \u2013 zna\u010dajne tranzicije u \u017eivotu deteta - Novak Djokovic Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/novakdjokovicfoundation.org\/sr\/polazak-u-vrtic-skolu-znacajne-tranzicije\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sr_RS\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Polazak u vrti\u0107 i \u0161kolu \u2013 zna\u010dajne tranzicije u \u017eivotu deteta - Novak Djokovic Foundation\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rano detinjstvo, od ro\u0111enja do osme godine, \u010desto se smatra jednim od najlep\u0161ih ali i najdinami\u010dnijih perioda tokom \u017eivota. 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