{"id":16025,"date":"2016-06-19T00:00:00","date_gmt":"2016-06-19T00:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/novakdjokovicfoundation.org\/zasto-je-vazno-da-deca-izbegnu-ranu-specijalizaciju-u-sportu\/"},"modified":"2016-06-19T00:00:00","modified_gmt":"2016-06-19T00:00:00","slug":"zasto-je-vazno-da-deca-izbegnu-ranu-specijalizaciju-u-sportu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/novakdjokovicfoundation.org\/sr\/zasto-je-vazno-da-deca-izbegnu-ranu-specijalizaciju-u-sportu\/","title":{"rendered":"Za\u0161to je va\u017eno da deca izbegnu ranu specijalizaciju u sportu"},"content":{"rendered":"

Rana specijalizacija u sportu mo\u017ee da dovede do niza ne\u017eeljenih efekata.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

Svetlost reflektora. Publika koja netremice prati svaki korak i pokret takmi\u010dara u besprekornoj opremi na terenu. Gromoglasan aplauz prolama se tribinama posle postignutog gola, dobijenog me\u010da, oborenog rekorda, osvojene zlatne medalje.<\/p>\n

Svakome ko je bar jednom prisustvovao ovom veli\u010danstvenom trenutku dobro je poznat ose\u0107aj kada nas iznenada preplavi i ponese talas pozitivne energije i emocija. Vazduh odi\u0161e nekom posebnom magijom, kolektivnom dozom radosti i u\u017eivanja, koju stvara samo sport.<\/p>\n

Ipak, postoji ne\u0161to \u0161to mo\u017ee da vas vine u jo\u0161 ve\u0107e visine i izazove jo\u0161 sna\u017eniji emotivni naboj. To je euforija kojom celo telo zra\u010di jer ste VI postigli gol, dobili me\u010d, oborili rekord, osvojili zlatno odli\u010dje. To je utisak koje se ne mo\u017ee opisati re\u010dima \u2013 razlog zbog koga su izmi\u0161ljenje fraze \u201ebiti na sedmom nebu\u201c i \u201e\u017eiveti \u017eivot do maksimuma\u201c. Ose\u0107ate se kao da ste na krovu sveta i ni\u0161ta ne mo\u017ee da vas spusti na zemlju.<\/p>\n

\"Copyright:

Copyright: tammykayphoto<\/p><\/div>\n

Jednom sam se na\u0161la u takvoj situaciji, kada sam poslednji put u srednjoj \u0161koli u\u010destvovala na lokalnom \u0161ampionatu u plivanju. Za to takmi\u010denje ve\u017eu me neke od najlep\u0161ih uspomena; od trenutka kada sam se popela na pobedni\u010dko postolje narednih nedelju dana bila sam na sedmom nebu. Mogu samo da zamislim kakav je ose\u0107aj pro\u017eiveti toliku sre\u0107u i radost na zna\u010dajnijoj sportskoj pozornici, kada su ulozi i nagrade neuporedivo ve\u0107i.<\/p>\n

Upravo je taj pobedni\u010dki ose\u0107aj i \u017eelja da njhova deca do\u017eive isti uspeh naveo veliki broj roditelja, nastavnika i trenera da se zapitaju da li rana specijalizacija u sportu omogu\u0107ava mali\u0161anima da budu korak ispred ostalih kako bi postali novi Majkl Felps, Usein Bolt, ili Lionel Mesi \u2013 sportske zvezde kojima se mnogi od nas dive.<\/p>\n

Njihovo pitanje je sasvim opravdano. Veliki broj stru\u010dnjaka izrazio je uverenje da rana specijalizacija obezbe\u0111uje mladim sportistima odsko\u010dnu dasku za uspeh na velikim takmi\u010denjima kojim \u0107e ispisati stranice sportske istorije. Podr\u0161ka ranoj specijalizaciji bazirana je na tezi da je vi\u0161e iskustva jednako ve\u0107im prednostima na du\u017ee staze. Studije u kojima su u\u010destvovali \u0161ahisti i muzi\u010dari iznele su dovoljan broj dokaza koji opravdavaju ranu specijalizaciju. Kada je re\u010d o \u0161ahistima, \u010dini se da ve\u0107e iskustvo rezultira boljim sposobnostima organizacije, procesuiranja i reagovanja na informacije. Osim toga, neki istra\u017eiva\u010di isti\u010du teoriju o \u201epravilu 10 godina\u201c po kojoj je 10 godina intenzivnog treniranja, posebno osmi\u0161ljenog da unapredi atletske ve\u0161tine i tehnike, minimalan uslov da se postigne nivo profesionalnog sportiste. Tako\u0111e, veruje se da tih 10 godina moraju da se poklope sa specifi\u010dnim periodima fizi\u010dkog i kognitivnog razvoja. Na taj na\u010din, \u0161to du\u017ee sportista trenira na visokom nivou, to je ve\u0107a verovatno\u0107a da \u0107e ostvariti vrhunske rezultate.<\/p>\n

\"Copyright:

Copyright: ISchmidt<\/p><\/div>\n

Ipak, novije studije pokazuju da rana specijalizacija mo\u017ee da dovede do niza ne\u017eeljenih efekata. Pre svega, ograni\u010davanje deteta da trenira samo jedan sport ne samo da ga spre\u010dava da u\u017eiva u igri i name\u0107e mu pritisak zbog prevelikih o\u010dekivanja roditelja ve\u0107 tako\u0111e prouzrokuje nedovoljan razvoj motori\u010dkih sposobnosti. Manje u\u010de\u0161\u0107e u alternativnim sportovima \u010desto dovodi do zasi\u0107enja, zbog \u010dega mali\u0161ani napu\u0161taju sport i nisu vi\u0161e fizi\u010dki aktivni, \u0161to se lo\u0161e odra\u017eava na njihovo zdravlje. Stru\u010dnjaci su otkrili da rana specijalizacija mo\u017ee da ograni\u010di i psihosocijalni razvoj deteta zbog manjeg broja mogu\u0107nosti da boravi u razli\u010ditim okru\u017eenjima i ovlada ve\u0161tinama koje su mu potrebne kako bi se sna\u0161lo u takvim sredinama. Osim toga, intenzivni treninzi dovode do iscrpljenosti, povreda i ozbiljnih fizi\u010dkih o\u0161te\u0107enja zbog naglog rasta kostiju i istezanja\/nefleksibilnosti usled sporijeg rasta mi\u0161i\u0107a i tetiva.<\/p>\n

Sa druge strane, rana diversifikacija dobija sve ve\u0107u podr\u0161ku trenera i nau\u010dnika. Pokazalo se da se ve\u0107ina profesionalnih sportista mnogo kasnije u \u017eivotu specijalizuje za odre\u0111eni sport, tek u tinejd\u017eerskom dobu: studija o pliva\u010dima otkrila je da su oni koji su se specijalizovali rano proveli manje vremena u timu reprezentacije i rano se povukli iz sporta od pliva\u010da koji su kao deca trenirali razli\u010dite sportove, a kasnije se potpuno posvetili plivanju. Pretpostavka je da do toga dolazi zato \u0161to de\u010dji sportski programi mali\u0161anima pre svega omogu\u0107avaju da u\u017eivaju u sportskoj igri i na taj na\u010din razvijaju njihovu unutra\u0161nju motivaciju koja je potrebna za vi\u0161e struktuirane i intenzivne treninge koji ih kasnije o\u010dekuju. U me\u0111uvremenu, mnogi od onih koji se rano specijalizuju kada odrastu prestanu da se bave sportom, navode\u0107i kao glavni razlog to \u0161to je za njih sport izgubio svaku dra\u017e. Rana diversifikacija tako\u0111e podsti\u010de i unapre\u0111uje razvoj fizi\u010dkih i kognitivnih ve\u0161tina koje su neophodne za primarni sport jer se identi\u010dni elementi prenose iz jedne sportske discipline u drugu. Studije pokazuju da u\u010denici koji su se oprobali u nekoliko sportova posti\u017eu bolji uspeh u \u0161koli i imaju dobar odnos sa vr\u0161njacima, zato \u0161to razli\u010diti sportovi promovi\u0161u razli\u010dite \u017eivotne ve\u0161tine. Mnoge organizacije poput NCAA (Nacionalna univerzitetska sportska asocijacija) \u2013 regulatorno telo koled\u017e sportova, Olimpijski komitet SAD, Nacionalna fudbalska liga, Ameri\u010dka profesionalna bejzbol liga, Nacionalna hokeja\u0161ka liga, podr\u017eale su ranu diversifikaciju, navode\u0107i da multisportski pristup dovodi do boljih performansi, manjeg sagorevanja, manje socijalne izolovanosti i du\u017eeg bavljenja i u\u017eivanja u sportu tokom \u017eivota.<\/p>\n

\"Copyright:

Copyright: Andresr<\/p><\/div>\n

Iako rana specijalizacija ima svojih prednosti, najnovija istra\u017eivanja sve vi\u0161e pokazuju da taj put ne treba shvatiti olako. Benefiti rane diversifikacije, kada se izvagaju prednosti i mane specijalizacije, ogledaju se u tome \u0161to sportista ne samo da mo\u017ee da dostigne svoj puni potencijal u sportu ve\u0107 tako\u0111e razvija sve aspekte svoje li\u010dnosti. Po re\u010dima stru\u010dnjaka:<\/p>\n

Rana specijalizacija mo\u017ee da unapredi ve\u0161tinu, ali ne doprinosi atleticizmu kao treniranje vi\u0161e sportova.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Zato svaki put kada osetite potrebu da podstaknete svog mali\u0161ana da se opredeli za jedan sport, setite se da je Stiv Ne\u0161 po\u010deo da trenira ko\u0161arku tek sa 13 godina, dok se Majkl Felps oprobao u bejzbolu, fudbalu i golfu pre nego \u0161to se profesionalno posvetio plivanju.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rana specijalizacija u sportu mo\u017ee da dovede do niza ne\u017eeljenih efekata.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":5,"featured_media":12235,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[21],"tags":[1440,1223,257,294,1158],"class_list":["post-16025","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rani-razvoj","tag-rana-specijalizacija-u-sportu","tag-rani-razvoj","tag-roditeljstvo","tag-sport","tag-sport-za-decu"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nZa\u0161to je va\u017eno da deca izbegnu ranu specijalizaciju u sportu - Novak Djokovic Foundation<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/novakdjokovicfoundation.org\/sr\/zasto-je-vazno-da-deca-izbegnu-ranu-specijalizaciju-u-sportu\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" 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